Category: Articles

Mr Ashish Kumar

(It is difficult to comment about young author Mr Ashish Kumar and his mythological/spiritual writing.  He has well researched Hindu Philosophy, Science and quest of success beyond the material realms. I am really mesmerized.  I am sure you will be also amazed.  We are pleased to begin a series on excerpts from his well acclaimed book  “Samudramanthanam” .  According to Mr Ashish  “Samudramanthanam is less explained and explored till date. I have tried to give broad way of this one of the most important chapter of Hindu mythology. I have read many scriptures and take references from many temples and folk stories, to present the all possible aspects of portrait of Samudramanthanam.”  Now our distinguished readers will be able to read this series on every Saturday.)    

Amazon Link – Samudramanthanam 

 ☆ Weekly Column – Samudramanthanam – 10 – Kaustubha☆ 

Now Sura were doing Churning with confidence and happiness as they got all the apsaras who were emerging from ocean ‘Kshirasāgara’ for their heaven at the other hand Asura are frustrated and now they are applying more force in churning.

It is the day of ‘Naga panchmi’ when many Naga and other creature of similar clan grouping around many places near the churning. They have come to do prayer for their God Naga “Vasuki’ who is doing his duty to help Sura and Asura to make impossible churning of ‘Kshirasāgara’ possible.

Soon Sura and Asura saw that something like millions of suns shining, started shining from the ocean which they were churning. They were unable to look towards that direction and all have to close their eyes.

Other sages and Bahram also wonder about this bright shine. Then soon that shining turned to little smooth so that Sura and Asura can able to look in that direction.

They saw many Nagas coming out of the ocean who hold a big shining stone over their head. Yes, it was the most beautiful gem of world, a gem in front of that all diamond, ruby etc. are nothing but simply stones.

They Naga go up and up in sky and placed that precious gem of universe over the hood head of their god Naga ‘Vasuki’.

Vasuki said, “Thank you for this honor but I doesn’t deserve this because I am the necklace of the neck of a sanyasi. So, I didn’t required this”

Vasuki given a small jerk to his head to keep down that precious stone name ‘Kaustubha’ over ‘Kshirasāgara’.

As ‘Kaustubh’ fall from the head of Vasuki soon king of Sura ‘Indra’ and king of Asura ‘Bali’ fly in the sky and both hold that together in their hands.

‘Indra’ trying to pull that most bright gem ‘Kaustubha’ towards him and other hand ‘Bali’ is trying to pull that towards him.

Bali given a sudden jerk and grip of ‘Indra’ lost and soon ‘Kaustubha’ fall in the hands of ‘Bali’ then Bali said to Indra, “Indra you have got all the apsaras as the wives of many Gandharva. Now this is our turn, this ‘Kaustubha’ will look good only on the crown of Asura king”

 

© Ashish Kumar

New Delhi

≈  Blog Editor – Shri Hemant Bawankar/Editor (English) – Captain Pravin Raghuvanshi, NM ≈

Mr Ashish Kumar

(It is difficult to comment about young author Mr Ashish Kumar and his mythological/spiritual writing.  He has well researched Hindu Philosophy, Science and quest of success beyond the material realms. I am really mesmerized.  I am sure you will be also amazed.  We are pleased to begin a series on excerpts from his well acclaimed book  “Samudramanthanam” .  According to Mr Ashish  “Samudramanthanam is less explained and explored till date. I have tried to give broad way of this one of the most important chapter of Hindu mythology. I have read many scriptures and take references from many temples and folk stories, to present the all possible aspects of portrait of Samudramanthanam.”  Now our distinguished readers will be able to read this series on every Saturday.)    

Amazon Link – Samudramanthanam 

 ☆ Weekly Column – Samudramanthanam – 9 – Apsaras ☆ 

 After deadly and poisonous spell of churning of ‘Kshirasāgara’ now Sura and Asura started churning with less interest. They are doing churning with less speed this time.

As they progress, liquid of ‘Kshirasāgara’ started turning to transparent and crystal clear. Soon environment there started to be pleasant and different kinds of smells started appearing from ocean. All sixteen types of sense engaging smells are flowing all around. All Suras and Asura started losing their sense. All of sudden they stop churning and liquid of ‘Kshirasāgara’ rise up in the sky and divided into sixteen direction and start turning into beautiful female sprits. Those all are ‘Apsaras’ means creature of ‘Ap’ or liquid of different types.

King of Sura were looking them without blinking. Those all sixteen apsaras are most beautiful possible females of all sixteen types of liquids. This is the auspicious day of autumn arriving. It is the day of festival ‘Teej’.

It ilooks like nature is dancing with those sixteen apsaras.

Those were Urvasi, Menaka, Rambha, Tilottama, Ghritachi, Manjukesi, Sukesi, Misrakesi, Sulochana, Saudamini, Devadatta, Devasena, Manorama, Sudati, Sundai, Vigagdha. These sixteen main apsaras appear from ‘Kshirasāgara’ and started dancing. Some other apsaras also appear with main apsaras who were secondary of main sixteen apsaras or means generated from the mixture of sixteen main essence in different ratios. These were Vividha,  Budha, Sumala, Santati, Sunanda, Sumukhi, Magadhi, Arjuni, Sarala, Kerala, Dhrti, Nanda, Supuskala, Supuspamala and Kalabha.

The main apsaras Urvasi is actually essence of Rose flower liquid.

Menaka is of Jasmine flower liquid.

Rambha is of Marigold.

Tilottama is of Lavender.

Ghritachi is of Sugarcane.

Manjukesi is of Coconut.

Sukesi is of Betel leaves pan.

Misrakesi is of Kasturi.

Sulochana is of Lemon.

Saudamini is of Basil.

 

© Ashish Kumar

New Delhi

≈  Blog Editor – Shri Hemant Bawankar/Editor (English) – Captain Pravin Raghuvanshi, NM ≈

Mr Ashish Kumar

(It is difficult to comment about young author Mr Ashish Kumar and his mythological/spiritual writing.  He has well researched Hindu Philosophy, Science and quest of success beyond the material realms. I am really mesmerized.  I am sure you will be also amazed.  We are pleased to begin a series on excerpts from his well acclaimed book  “Samudramanthanam” .  According to Mr Ashish  “Samudramanthanam is less explained and explored till date. I have tried to give broad way of this one of the most important chapter of Hindu mythology. I have read many scriptures and take references from many temples and folk stories, to present the all possible aspects of portrait of Samudramanthanam.”  Now our distinguished readers will be able to read this series on every Saturday.)    

Amazon Link – Samudramanthanam 

 ☆ Weekly Column – Samudramanthanam – 8 Halahal ☆ 

Sura and Asura or Devtas and Danvas started churning of ‘Kshirasāgara’ with whole enthusiasm and full power.  The hood and mouth side of Naga Vasuki is very broad and grip of Asura, who were doing churning from hood side over Vasuki body, is sliding again and again and they are fed up from this. They stop churning again and looking for a solution. Then king of Asura ‘Bali’ looked at last of his side Asuras line. He saw an old Asura which was once very powerful name ‘Svarbhānu’. Svarbhanu body is long and cylindrical. Soon an idea strikes in the mind of Asura king ‘Bali’.

Bali go near Svarbhanu and said to him with soft and requesting voice, “Svarbhanu, you are old among Asuras but you are very powerful and intelligent. We need your help. You do one thing you surround your body around our side or hood and mouth side of Naga Vasuki. So that we can hold your body which will provide good and stable grip to Asura to do this churning easily”

Svarbhanu replied, “as you desire my king”

Then Svarbhanu surrounded his body around Naga Vasuki’s mouth side area in such manner that it made an easy holding grip for Asuras. Now Asuras were happy and they started again churning of ‘Kshirasāgara’.

Many more days passed. It was early morning time of Brahma muhurta. Suddenly a bitter smell started coming from ocean of milk ‘Kshirasāgara’ and death bodies of many ocean creatures were coming up with each wave. All felt a sharp pain on their heads. Color of ocean started changing from milk color white to cyan then from cyan to blue. Both teams, team of Sura and team of Asura stopped churning. But Naga Vasuki is still rotating over mount Mandara. Whole atmosphere filled with the sharp smell and thin smoke of dark blue color. Fire started burning in the eyes of each one present there. Now thick white color froth started appearing at the edges of mount Mandara.

All Sura and Asura were losing their senses with each passing moment. Brahma was also worried over this condition and felt of essence of poison in air and liquid of ocean.

Bali with other Asuras started doing prayer of Lord Shiva and start saying loudly, “O! Mahakaal, please save us we are dying “

Other hand Sura are doing prayer of Lord Vishnu.

When all Sura and Asura were about to lose their whole consciousness, they saw dark blue color thick foam is collected near outline of mount Mandara and around body of Naga ‘Vasuki’.

Lord Vishnu and Shiva appear simultaneously there. Lord Vishnu do flow of prana towards Sura and Asura and then they start breathing normally again. Then Indra said, “O! great God this venom or poison is because of Vasuki Naga, which is ornament of Lord shiv so now Lord Shiva has to do something to end this position”

Lord Vishnu says, “what are you saying. Lord Shiva is saving all of us from deadly poison of Vasuki from ages because he keeps holding Vasuki around his neck. Venom of Vasuki is outcome of physical negativity of people over earth. And it is growing with each passing moment. Because of Lord Shiva all people of earth were saved from the disaster of Vasuki venom. Now only on the request of Sura and Asura, Lord Shiva is ready to give you Vasuki Naga to make churning of great ocean possible. It is law of karma that nothing come free. You all are doing this churning of ‘Kshirasāgara’ to get many different valuable objects and things. And you are blaming to Lord of all, Shiva”

© Ashish Kumar

New Delhi

≈  Blog Editor – Shri Hemant Bawankar/Editor (English) – Captain Pravin Raghuvanshi, NM ≈

Mr Ashish Kumar

(It is difficult to comment about young author Mr Ashish Kumar and his mythological/spiritual writing.  He has well researched Hindu Philosophy, Science and quest of success beyond the material realms. I am really mesmerized.  I am sure you will be also amazed.  We are pleased to begin a series on excerpts from his well acclaimed book  “Samudramanthanam” .  According to Mr Ashish  “Samudramanthanam is less explained and explored till date. I have tried to give broad way of this one of the most important chapter of Hindu mythology. I have read many scriptures and take references from many temples and folk stories, to present the all possible aspects of portrait of Samudramanthanam.”  Now our distinguished readers will be able to read this series on every Saturday.)    

Amazon Link – Samudramanthanam 

 ☆ Weekly Column – Samudramanthanam – 6  Hurdles and failed attempts ☆ 

Vasuki roles itself around mount Mandara and then slide his mouth side up in the sky. He makes seven turns around mount Mandara. And start sliding his body over it. From this sliding many new types of herbs start nurturing from the skin of mount Mandara which was the combine effect of Vasuki venom and minerals of mountain surface.

Vauski has made a bend shape from his hood side so that Asuras can easily hold him and his mouth remains open towards sky.

As Indra and other Sura approach towards tail side of Vasuki, they saw many birds start falling from sky and die.

Narada said, “Narayana, Narayana, these birds are dying because now venom of Vasuki is going towards sky with the flow of air. King of Devta Indra now you can only help. You throw your vajra in the sky and other god will create clouds over Vasuki mouth. When your vajra will collide with those clouds soon rain start falling and essence of Vasuki venom fall down here in this ‘Kshirasāgara’”

Indra and other demigods start doing same and rain mixed with poison start falling in ‘Kshirasāgara’. It was rain which keep falling for two years.

After around two years when all the venom of Vasuki was left his body and mixed in ocean of ‘Kshir’ Sura and Asura are ready to do churning of great ocean.

Sura are holding tail side of Vasuki and Asura the mouth side. They start pushing and pulling of Vasuki body. First Asura pull Vasuki body towards them and Sura push it away from them but before completing the first round of push and pull, mount Mandara slide at the base of ‘Kshirasāgara’ because of it the body of Vasuki start slipping over mount Mandara surface, which create heave jerk on the body of Vasuki and it start going away from center from Asura side where it was surrounding on mount Mandara and suddenly come close to mount Mandara and Sura king ‘Indra’ collide with Mandara surface with great force. Crown of Indra fall down in ‘Kshirasāgara’. Which then reappear as the wild ocean plant called ‘Indrajaal’.

At the other end Bali fall over ‘Kshirasāgara’, but many other Asuras start flaying away with great force from that location and then some fall over Himalayas other on ground and lost their life.

Then Lord Brahma said, “we have forgotten to make base over which mount Mandara can be fixed because base of ‘Kshirasāgara’ is very wild and not gentle”

Soon a light blink on space and Lord Vishnu appear.

All do salute to Lord Vishnu. Then Lord Vishnu says, “base is required to hold anything strongly. I will be going to incarnate as a kashyap or tortoise, who contains strongest back in nature. Then mount Mandara need to fix his bottom over my tortoise incarnation back and it will keep holding the mount Mandara even at the time of heavy movement during churning of ‘Kshirasāgara’.

Soon a light emerges from the body of Lord Vishnu and a shape of tortillas start appearing from that light.

All Sura and Asura surround tortoise, and mount Mandara base kept over tortoise back. Just for test Naga ‘Vasuki’ loop around mount Mandara and gives a quick jerk but as this jerk reaches at the bottom of mount Mandara soon its balance disturbed and it slide towards one end and fall in ‘Kshirasāgara’.

Again, all are silence and thinking, how to fixed mount Mandara on the back of Lord Vishnu’s tortoise incarnation.

Sage kashyapa says, “the back of this Vishnu tortoise is very flat and slippery. So, we have to make it rough so that mount Mandara back can fixed over it strongly.

Saptrishi join there and makes seven holy patters and symbols over the back of tortoise. One by each rishi.

So finally, all things are perfect to start churning of ‘Kshirasāgara’.

© Ashish Kumar

New Delhi

≈  Blog Editor – Shri Hemant Bawankar/Editor (English) – Captain Pravin Raghuvanshi, NM ≈

Mr Ashish Kumar

(It is difficult to comment about young author Mr Ashish Kumar and his mythological/spiritual writing.  He has well researched Hindu Philosophy, Science and quest of success beyond the material realms. I am really mesmerized.  I am sure you will be also amazed.  We are pleased to begin a series on excerpts from his well acclaimed book  “Samudramanthanam” .  According to Mr Ashish  “Samudramanthanam is less explained and explored till date. I have tried to give broad way of this one of the most important chapter of Hindu mythology. I have read many scriptures and take references from many temples and folk stories, to present the all possible aspects of portrait of Samudramanthanam.”  Now our distinguished readers will be able to read this series on every Saturday.)    

Amazon Link – Samudramanthanam 

 ☆ Weekly Column – Samudramanthanam – 5  Preparation ☆ 

Brahma said,” main point of discussion here is who is such a powerful in the universe that can be rope to churn such a divine ocean?

Bali said, “my dear father, Brahma, Naga loka is one of realm of underworld which comes under my rules. So, I can make a good long rope of different Nagas, serpents for churning of that ocean of milk”

Brahma reply, “my dear son, the flow and speed of ‘Kshirasāgara’ is not gentle. It can kill all of your Nagas which you are planning to use as and churning rope”

Indra said, “why not we ask help of Lord Vishnu himself might be Adi SesNaga can help us for this churning”

Brahma said again, “Adi has thousand hoods at one side. How can any team either Sura or Asura will hold that end in their hands to implement force to churn ocean? And second thing is Adi sesaNaga itself live in ‘Kshirasāgara’.  Adi sesa make waves of ‘Kshirasāgara’ so gentle so that life can sustain easily on universe. If he changes his position or stand up from his current posture than whole flow of ‘Kshirasāgara’ disturbed so badly that no one can save this universe. So, we even can’t imagine to involve Adi sesa in this activity”

Everyone is silent after sometime Varuna said, “we have an idea, why not we go to Lord Shiva and request him to give King of Naga ‘Vasuki’ to use as a churning rope for our ‘Kshirasāgara’ churning. ‘Vasuki’ is second powerful after Adi sesa and have all the qualities to hold the force of churning and ‘Kshirasāgara’. His body is as strong as Indra vajra”

All including Lord Brahma said,” yes, it is very good idea.”

Before anyone say anything, a light is appeared in space and soon Lord Shiva appears in front of all and then said to Lord Brahma, “Brahma this churning is for good of Suras and Asura and suggested by Lord Vishnu himself. So ‘Vasuki’ will definitely help in this historical activity”

After this Shiva disappear in space.

Lord Brahma said, “one problem got its solution but other is still there. You got churning rope but who will be work as churning rod to hold that churning rope?”

Narada muni come with chanting of ‘Narayana Narayana’ he said, who is stronger and firmer than ‘mount Mandara’. He is good candidate to hold the pressure and looseness and tightness of Naga Vasuki body holding and move by Sura and Asura?”

Mount Mandara agree easily to do help of Sura and Asura for churning of ‘Kshirasāgara’ ocean.

Then Brahma said, “Vasuki represent tamas or dark force of nature and so the Asura so I think it will be more comfortable for Asura to hold mouth side of ‘Vasuki’”

Bali said with folded hand towards Brahma, “as you suggest”

All preparation was done both the teams of Sura and Asura have come across ‘Kshirasāgara’ to do the task which was never happened before and will not happen again. First time Sura and Asura are looking so cooperative, but I think that is because they both have some hidden reason to fulfill their long pending desires.

Naga Vasuki and mount Mandara also on time. The sound of hiss of Vasuki is so instance that sharper pain is started in the foreheads of almost all the Suras or Devtas.

Lord Brahma said to Vasuki, “O! great among Nagas, the sound of your hiss making uncomfortable to many Sura so please reduce the pitch of your hiss sound so that the activity will start”

Vasuki said, “Ok”

Then he reduced the sound of his hiss. As many Sura and Asura come across Vasuki Naga mouth, the air which was generating from the force of his hiss throw them away in space. All were in panic.

Then it is decided that Vasuki will keep his mouth and hood in a vertical position towards sky for around 100 yojanas. This trick start working and now all the toxins and air which was coming out from the mouth of Vasuki is start going up in the sky.

 

© Ashish Kumar

New Delhi

≈  Blog Editor – Shri Hemant Bawankar/Editor (English) – Captain Pravin Raghuvanshi, NM ≈

Mr Ashish Kumar

(It is difficult to comment about young author Mr Ashish Kumar and his mythological/spiritual writing.  He has well researched Hindu Philosophy, Science and quest of success beyond the material realms. I am really mesmerized.  I am sure you will be also amazed.  We are pleased to begin a series on excerpts from his well acclaimed book  “Samudramanthanam” .  According to Mr Ashish  “Samudramanthanam is less explained and explored till date. I have tried to give broad way of this one of the most important chapter of Hindu mythology. I have read many scriptures and take references from many temples and folk stories, to present the all possible aspects of portrait of Samudramanthanam.”  Now our distinguished readers will be able to read this series on every Saturday.)    

Amazon Link – Samudramanthanam 

 ☆ Weekly Column – Samudramanthanam -4  Lost of Shree ☆ 

Once there is a disagreement between Lord Brahma and Lord Shiva. Lord Shiva was not agreed that all the command of universe is given in the hands of Devtas and appoint Indra as king of heaven. Shiva didn’t do any prejudice between Devtas and Danvas. But this partiality by Brahma make Shiva angry. Shiva has decided that not to take participate on world affairs but anger start to appear around him in his aura. So finally, he decided to transfer his anger in tangible form and planned to transfer his anger to Anasuya, the wife of sage Atri. From this portion of Shiva deposited into Anasuya, a child was born, who was named ‘Durvasa’ (lit. one who is difficult to live with). Because he was born of Shiva’s anger, he had an irascible nature.

One fine day when ‘Durvasa’ doing meditation with his closed eyes. A garland was fall from heaven from the hands of an apsara, nymph and hold on the branch of one tree. Very sweet smell starts flowing all around from the flowers of that garland. All people near that area start losing their senses.

That garland falls in the neck of sage ‘Durvasa’ from that tree. He wore it on his brow. Resuming his wanderings, the sage came across Indra riding his elephant, Airavata, attended by the gods. Durvasa, still in his state of frenzy, threw the garland at Indra, who caught it and placed it on Airavata’s head. The elephant was irritated by the fragrance of the nectar in the flowers, so it threw the garland to the ground with its trunk. Durvasa was enraged to see his gift treated so callously and cursed Indra that he would be cast down from his position of dominion over the three worlds, just as the garland was cast down. Indra immediately begged Durvasa’s forgiveness, but the sage refused to retract or even soften his curse and went on his way. Because of the curse, Indra and the devas were diminished in strength and shorn of their luster. From this wife of Indra ‘Sachi’ who was the incarnation of goddess Lakshmi turns into statue of rock. the “Airavata’ also go deep in to ocean of Milk ‘Kshirasāgara’ and all the good and auspiciousness of Devtas lost as the reaction of this action.

Great sages suggest Indra and other Devtas to do a great scarify to get grace of goddess Lakshmi again on heaven and in the life of all Suras.

Many great sages gathered at the bank of river Sarasvati to do this yajna, scarify for Devtas. Bhrigu was arrogant and was filled with ahamkara Ego, due to his extreme austerities. At the time of yajna all the great saints and sages could not decide that out of the Trinity Lord Vishnu, Brahma, and Shiva to whom should they offer Pradhanta (Master) of that Yagya and to whom they have to scarify yajnas oblation. With the consent of all the great saints presents there, it was decided that Bhrigu will test and decide who was pre-eminent.

Upon being entrusted with the task Maharishi Bhrigu decided to test each of the Trimurti. Being ignored by Lord Brahma and Lord Shiva, he visited Lord Vishnu. Vishnu was asleep and Brighu kicked him in the chest to wake him up. Vishnu smilingly welcomed Bhrigu who realized his egotistical outbursts with extreme pain. He begged for forgiveness and Vishnu forgave him.

But from this action Wife of Lord Vishnu Goddess ‘Lakshmi’ got very upset and decided to future shrink her grace even from the life of sages and other living creatures of universe.

World without Lakshmi is more than horrible. All bad omen and actions are happening all around.

Seizing this opportunity, the Asuras led by Bali waged war against the gods. The gods were routed and turned to Lord Brahma for help. Lord Brahma directed them to seek refuge with Lord Vishnu. Lord Vishnu in turn, advised them to call a truce with the Asuras and work together with them to churn the ocean of milk and obtain the Amrita (nectar of immortality), on the pretext of sharing it with them. Lord Vishnu promised that he would ensure only the devas drank the Nectar and re obtain their former power so they could once again defeat the Asuras.

 

© Ashish Kumar

New Delhi

Dr. Nidhi Jain  

(Dr. Nidhi Jain is an Assistant Professor at Bharti Vidyapeeth, College of Engineering, Pune. She selected teaching as her profession, but it was a dream to be a litterateur. Her first book कुछ लम्हे  is a culmination of her interest. Her time management of family,  profession (Teaching in engineering science) and literature is exemplary. Today we present her article “Research and innovation initiatives” based on initiatives being taken by academic and research institutions in India during COVID-19 pandemic.

☆ Weekly Column ☆ From Nidhi’s Pen  #15 ☆ 

When the lives of people are stand still, and colleges, academic institutions, offices, roads, shopping complexes, etc. are closed, the students and teachers are forced to stay at home. Human minds have great desire to fly and it cannot be confined behind the four walls of houses. For harnessing research skills, the professors and students of different research institutions and Colleges have been choosing the boat of research to sail through the river of crisis created by COVID-19 pandemic. World is changing and we need to focus more towards research and innovation. The human race and global economy is on the edge. The only door open for the future generation to be prosperous and attain wisdom is through research and innovation. The world is facing unprecedented challenges and is looking at researchers and innovators to come up with solution to save the world from this crisis. The new medicines and vaccines for treatment, and other innovations for rapid testing are ut-most needed to protect the existence of human race. Scientist and researchers are committed to add the momentum by adding extraordinary dedication towards the society and at large to the country.

India is providing advanced research and innovation based knowledge by pitching the power of coming generation. To leverage the capability in the field of research and innovation, our Prime minister is motivating and guiding the faculty members and students.
During lockdown India’s research initiatives are sowing the seeds for future generation in the field of research and patent filing. Every dark cloud has a silver lining so has COVID-19 which highlighted the importance of research and innovation in our society.  Scientist and researchers are using disrupting digital technologies and playing a pivotal role in achieving success.

India had proved his capabilities by developing his own indigenous kit Covid-19 virus testing kit called Patho Detect. The researcher behind this is Minal Dakhave Bhosale under Mylab’s research and development. Serum Institute Pune developed Covid-19 vaccine in collaboration with US-based Codagenix. The vaccine is in pre-clinical / animal testing phase now.

One in such Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering Lavale, Pune is providing advanced research and innovation based knowledge by pitching the power of coming generation. To leverage the capability in the field of research and innovation had filed 29 patents and around 300 research papers. Dr R.N. Patil, Principal is motivating and guiding the faculty members and students. He himself has filed many patents.  I am sure other academic and research Institutions are also playing vital and positive roles to achieve success in various research and innovation initiatives.

 

©  Dr. Nidhi Jain,  Pune